Pharmacological properties Brimonidine Eye Drops:
Pharmacodynamics. Brimonidine Eye Drops – a selective α2-adrenoagonists, has a stimulating effect on the α2-adrenergic receptors. When applied in the form of eye drops, 1.5 mg / ml the maximum effect of lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) achieved in 2 hours Brimonidine hypertensive effect is achieved by reducing the formation and increase of intraocular fluid on uveoscleral tract.
Pharmacokinetics. With the instillation of eye drops Cmax achieved within 0.5-2.5 h, T ½ is approximately 2 hours
Systemic absorption Brimonidine delayed. Drug is metabolized mainly in the liver. Displayed Brimonidine and its metabolites by the kidneys.
INDICATIONS Brimonidine Eye Drops:
open-angle glaucoma. Elevated eye pressure (as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs that lower IOP).
APPLICATION Brimonidine Eye Drops:
used topically. Buried in the conjunctival sac of the affected eye 1 drop 3 times per day with an interval between doses 8 hours
Alphagan P can be applied to other ophthalmic drugs to reduce IOP. If the patient is simultaneously use other eye drops should be followed as a minimum interval of 5 min between instillation.
CONTRAINDICATIONS Brimonidine Eye Drops:
Hypersensitivity to brimonidina tartrate and other ingredients.
Simultaneous treatment of MAO inhibitors.
During pregnancy and lactation.
Children under 2 years of age, low body weight (20 kg), since safety and efficacy in these groups of patients has not been studied.
SIDE EFFECTS Brimonidine Eye Drops:
frequency of adverse effects identified in the studies was assessed as follows: very common (> 10%), common (> 1% and 0.1% and 0, 01% and In clinical trials of the drug Alphagan P identified the following side effects:
From the side of view: very often – allergic conjunctivitis, conjunctival hyperemia eyes, itchy mucous membranes and skin of eyelids and often – a burning sensation, conjunctival folliculosis eye and follicular conjunctivitis, local allergic reaction mucous membranes (including keratoconjunctivitis), blepharitis, Blepharoconjunctivitis, blurred vision, cataract, conjunctival edema, conjunctival hemorrhage, conjunctivitis, epiphora, mucous discharge from the eyes, dryness and irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes, pain, swelling of the eyelids, redness of the eyelids, foreign body sensation in eyes, keratitis, lesion century, photosensitivity, surface spotted keratopathy, tearing, falling out of sight, the functional loss of the vitreous body, vitreous hemorrhage, floating in the vitreous opacities and decreased visual acuity, rarely – erosion of the cornea, and barley.
Central nervous system: common – headache, drowsiness, insomnia, vertigo.
Cardio-vascular system: often – increased blood pressure, rarely – lowering blood pressure.
Part of the respiratory: common – bronchitis, cough, shortness of breath; infrequently – xeromycteria, sleep apnea.
Gastrointestinal disorders: frequent – gastro-intestinal disorders, dyspepsia, dry oral mucosa.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue: frequently – rashes, infection (fever and respiratory infection), rhinitis, sinusitis, including infection.
Laboratory findings: often – hypercholesterolemia.
Other: common – common allergic reaction, asthenia, fatigue, rarely – to change the taste.
The children observed: apnea, bradycardia, decreased blood pressure, hypothermia, hypotonia.
Additionally obtained information about the following effects:
For part of the vision: the frequency is unknown – iritis, keratoconjunctivitis, miosis.
CNS: depression.
Cardio-vascular: bradycardia, tachycardia.
Gastrointestinal disorders: nausea.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue: local skin reactions (erythema, pruritus, facial swelling, rash, and vasodilation of skin vessels century).
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS Brimonidine Eye Drops:
despite evidence of limited impact on the overall Brimonidine tartrate BP should be used with caution to patients with the following diseases: orthostatic hypotension, severe cardiovascular diseases, which are accompanied by heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, leading to cerebral insufficiency, renal failure ( creatinine clearance
INTERACTION Brimonidine Eye Drops:
when using more than one local ophthalmology means drugs are used at intervals of 5 min.
Despite the lack of specific studies of interaction of the drug should consider increasing the effect of drugs that suppress the central nervous system (alcohol, barbiturates, derivatives of opium, sedatives, general anesthetics). Given the ability of alpha-agonists lower blood pressure and heart rate, antihypertensive drugs and cardiac glycosides should be used with caution.
In connection with the known decrease in the severity of the hypotensive effect of clonidine (an alpha-agonists) with the concomitant use of tricyclic antidepressants can not exclude the possibility of reducing the effectiveness of the drug Alphagan P with concomitant treatment of tricyclic antidepressants.
Precautions should be prescribed the drug Alphagan P with tricyclic antidepressants, which may affect the metabolism of amines and their distribution in the bloodstream.
OVERDOSE Brimonidine Eye Drops:
reported cases of drug overdose there. If you have accidentally taken drugs inside, the following symptoms: CNS depression, drowsiness, unconsciousness, decreased blood pressure, bradycardia, decreased body temperature, skin cyanosis, apnea. In identifying the symptoms of overdose should be symptomatic therapy, control of the airway.
